Olkiluoto NPP

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UNDER CONSTRUCTION


-> draft for the book

Summary

Olkiluoto is the location of one of two operating nuclear power plants in Finland. It is situated on the Western coast of Finland, some 250 kilometers northwest of Helsinki. Also on the site of the NPP is a final disposal site for low and medium level radioactive waste. The Finnish final repository for high level radioactive waste is proposed to be at this location, too.[1] The operator of the Olkiluoto NPP is Teollisuuden Voima Oyj (TVO).

Olkiluoto is an island only separated by a narrow stretch of water from the mainland, connected by a bridge.[8] It is owned by the nuclear industry. Olkiluoto is part of the municipality of Eurajoki, while the next town, Rauma, is part of another municipality[22], located only some 25 kilometers south of the nuclear power plant[8].

Nowadays, the uranium for the Olkiluoto units is supplied under long-term contracts, mainly from Canada and Australia. It is enriched in Russia and the EU. Fuel assemblies delivered to Olkiluoto are made in Germany, Spain and Sweden.[11] The capacities of units 1 and 2 were first increased by 18.3 percent in 1998 to 840 MW each, and reached the current nominal power level of 860 MW each after another upgrading on June 1st, 2006[23].

The construction of the Olkiluoto-3 reactor by AREVA and Siemens is five years behind schedule and almost 100% above the original budget.[24]

Between 1977 and 2008 a total of 94 incidents of the level INES-1 and a total of 7 incidents of the level INES-2 (INES = International Nuclear Event Scale) had been registered by the Finnish authorities for all nuclear facilities in the country[14]. The published data does not provide detailed information about the accidents and the reactors where they occured.


Critics

  • Greenpeace
Iso Roobertinkatu 20-22 A, FIN-00120 Helsinki, Finland
phone: +358 9 622 922 00, +358 9 698 6317
fax: +358 9 622 922 22, email: info.nordic AT greenpeace.org[25]
http://www.greenpeace.org/finland/
  • Olkiluoto Blockade
phone: +358 40 4437119, +358 40 4619154
email: olkiluotoblockade AT riseup.net[25]
http://olkiluotoblockade2012.wordpress.com/english/


Links


Resources


Olkiluoto on the Nuclear Baltic Map: nr. 30


Further information resources

  • Status of proposed nuclear plants in the Baltic Sea region as of August 29, 2012[16]</ref>:
    • Olkiluoto 3:
      • construction start: 2005
      • proposed operation begin: 2014
    • Olkiluoto 4:
      • proposed construction start: 2015
      • proposed operation begin: 2020

Some historic key points:[26]

  • 21.12.1972: The Ministry of Trade and Industry gave principle approval for building a nuclear power plant.
  • 1973: The Parliament approved TVO's proposal of acquisition of an area at Olkiluoto.
  • 31.1.1974: The Ministry of Trade and Industry granted construction license for Olkiluoto 1 (OL1) in accordance with the Atomic Energy Act.
  • 1.2.1974: OL1's foundation stone was laid.
  • 4.8.1975: The Ministry of Trade and Industry granted construction license for Olkiluoto 2 (OL2) in accordance with the Atomic Energy Act.
  • 28.8.1975: Construction of OL2 unit was started.[27]
  • 6.7.1978: The Council of State granted an operation licence for OL1.
  • 2.9.1978: OL1 was connected to the national grid for the first time. The power plant unit achieved full capacity for the first time in January 8, 1979.
  • 1.9.1979: The Council of Stae granted an operation licence for OL2.
  • 10.10.1979: OL1 was introduced into commercial operation.
  • 18.2.1980: OL2 was connected to the national grid for the first time. The power plant unit achieved full capacity for the first time in November 11, 1980.
  • 1.7.1982: OL2 was introduced into commercial operation.
  • 17.5.1984: The Council of State granted permission for increased power level for both power plant units.
  • 29.9.1987: Spent fuel was transferred for the first time from the plant to the Interim Storage Facility for Spent Fuel (KPA-Store).
  • 15.12.1988: The Council of State granted an operation licence for 10 years for both power plant units.
  • 29.9.1989: Total production of Olkiluoto nuclear power plant reached 100 TWh.
  • 16.3.1990: Training simulator was taken into use at Olkiluoto.
  • 8.5.1992: The first waste transfer to the low and medium-level nuclear waste repository (VLJ) was made.
  • 1998: Total production of Olkiluoto nuclear power plant reached 200 TWh.
  • 20.8.1998: The Council of State granted a new operation licence for both power plant units and the KPA-Store as well as for the low and medium-level waste interim storages.
  • 1998: Modernization programme of the power plant units, which lasted four years, was completed. After the modernization, the power level is 840 MW it is 18.3 per cent higher than the earlier nominal power level.
  • 30.8.1999: The environmental impact assessment report, i.e. EIA Report, of the environmental impact of a new nuclear power plant unit, which would possibly be built at Olkiluoto, was submitted to the Ministry of Trade and Industry.
  • 5.12.1999: A certificate based on the ISO 14001 standard was granted to the Olkiluoto nuclear power plant.
  • 15.11.2000: Application for Decision in principle concerning the new nuclear power plant unit was submitted to the Council of State.
  • 24.5.2002: The Finnish Parliament ratified the Decision in principle made 17th January 2002 by the Council of State supporting the construction of a new nuclear power plant unit either in Olkiluoto, Eurajoki or at Hästholmen, Lovisa.
  • 30.09.2002: TVO submitted bid inquiries for the construction of a new nuclear power plant unit.
  • 16.10.2003: Olkiluoto was chosen for the location site for the new power plant unit.
  • 18.12.2003: TVO's Board of Directors decided to invest in the new nuclear power plant unit Olkiluoto 3 (OL3). The Company signed a contract for the construction of a pressurized water reactor plant unit of some 1,600 MW with the consortium comprising AREVA NP GmbH, AREVA NP SAS and Siemens AG.
  • 16.2.2004: The excavation work at the OL3 site was started.
  • 15.11.2004: TVO's wind power unit at Olkiluoto was consecrated.
  • 10.12.2004: The festive tarring of the ground of the OL3 site.
  • 11.1.2005: The building permit for OL3 was granted by Eurajoki municipality.
  • 17.2.2005: The Council of State granted the construction licence for the OL3.
  • 26.4.2005: Total electricity production of OL1 and OL2 reached 300 TWh.
  • 12.8.2005: The actual construction work of OL3 began.
  • 12.9.2005: The OL3 foundation stone was laid.
  • 1.6.2006: Modernization programme of the Olkiluoto power plant units was completed. After the modernization the nominal power level is 860 MW.


  1. 1.0 1.1 http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olkiluoto_Nuclear_Power_Plant&oldid=353868219 - April 18, 2010
  2. 2.0 2.1 http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kernkraftwerk_Olkiluoto&oldid=103804731 as at June 8, 2012
    http://www.tvo.fi/www/page/ol1andol2/ - December 10, 2010
  3. http://www.stuk.fi/ydinturvallisuus/ydinvoimalaitokset/olkiluoto/en_GB/olkiluoto_tekniset
  4. 4.0 4.1 4.2 4.3 http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=860 as at September 25, 2012
  5. 5.0 5.1 5.2 lecture of Tapio Litmanen, University of Jyväskylä: http://www.nuclear-heritage.net/images/7/70/Case_Pyhajoki_presentation_Finnish_Exceptionalism.pdf as at August 8, 2013
  6. 6.0 6.1 http://www.tvo.fi/www/page/2855/ - December 10, 2010
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=159 as at September 25, 2012
  8. 8.0 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 http://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Olkiluoto&oldid=68707517 as at April 18, 2010
  9. 9.0 9.1 Nuclear Power Reactors in the World 2012 Edition; IAEA-RDS-2/32 (ISBN:978-92-0-132310-1); 2012; Responsible Officer/Officers: Mr Jiri Mandula, NENP. http://www-pub.iaea.org/MTCD/Publications/PDF/RDS2-32_web.pdf as at September 25, 2012
  10. 10.0 10.1 http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=160 as at September 25, 2012
  11. 11.0 11.1 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 http://www.tem.fi/files/21275/38981_TEM_Nuclear_Energy_in_Finland_LR.pdf
  12. 12.0 12.1 12.2 12.3 12.4 12.5 12.6 12.7 http://www.tem.fi/files/18506/YVA_selostusraportti_EN_Secured.pdf - December 11, 2010
  13. 13.0 13.1 http://www.stuk.fi/ydinturvallisuus/ydinjatteet/ydinjate/en_GB/ydinjate/_files/12222632510021180/default/fin_country_profile.pdf - December 11, 2010
  14. 14.0 14.1 14.2 http://www.stuk.fi/ydinturvallisuus/ydinvoimalaitokset/vakavuusasteikko/en_GB/suomentapahtumat/
  15. http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=160 as at September 25, 2012
    other source says: 1975/08/28 (TVO: Pocket Guide 2010; Eura Print Oy, 2010)
  16. 16.0 16.1 16.2 composition by Bernd Ebeling, http://contratom.de as at August 29, 2012
    source: World Nuclear Industrial Status Report 2012, Schneider, M. et al.; Nuclear Power Reactors in the World, IAEA, Vienna, 2008
  17. "start of operation" means here the "First Criticality Date" (see: http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/Glossary.aspx)
  18. http://www.contratom.de/2.0/index.php?mod=standort&id=194 - December 10, 2010
  19. http://www.contratom.de/2.0/index.php?mod=standort&id=506 - December 10, 2010
  20. in contradiction with EBELING 2012 speaking about 2014: composition by Bernd Ebeling, http://contratom.de as at August 29, 2012
    source: World Nuclear Industrial Status Report 2012, Schneider, M. et al.; Nuclear Power Reactors in the World, IAEA, Vienna, 2008
  21. in contradiction with EBELING 2012 speaking about 2020: composition by Bernd Ebeling, http://contratom.de as at August 29, 2012
    source: World Nuclear Industrial Status Report 2012, Schneider, M. et al.; Nuclear Power Reactors in the World, IAEA, Vienna, 2008
  22. http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rauma,_Finland&oldid=577756852 as at October 20, 2013
  23. TVO: Pocket Guide 2010; Eura Print Oy, 2010
  24. http://www.contratom.de/2011/10/12/epr-verzogert-sich-weiter/ as at June 8, 2012
  25. 25.0 25.1 For protection against automatical email address robots searching for addresses to send spam to them this email address has been made unreadable for them. To get a correct mail address you have to displace "AT" by the @-symbol.
  26. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named TVO_Pocket_GUIDE_2010
  27. This data is in contradiction to the data provided by the International Atomic Energy Agency: according to them, the construction started on 01/11/1975 - http://www.iaea.org/PRIS/CountryStatistics/ReactorDetails.aspx?current=160 as at September 25, 2012